Peterson Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes, Second Edition by Lawrence M. Page (E

Description: Peterson Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes, Second Edition by Lawrence M. Page, Brooks M. Burr In the 20 years since publication of the first edition, the number of freshwater fish species has risen by almost 150. This second edition incorporates all of these new species, plus all-new maps and a collection of new and revised plates. FORMAT Paperback LANGUAGE English CONDITION Brand New Publisher Description There are nearly 1,000 species of freshwater fishes in North America alone, and identifying them can sometimes be a daunting task. In fact, in just the twenty years since publication of the first edition of the Peterson Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes, the number of species has risen by almost 150, including 19 marine invaders and 16 newly established nonnative species. This second edition incorporates all of these new species, plus all-new maps and a collection of new and revised plates. Some of the species can be told apart only by minute differences in coloration or shape, and these beautifully illustrated plates reveal exactly how to distinguish each species. The guide includes detailed maps and information showing where to locate each species of fish--whether that species can be found in miles-long stretches of river or small pools that cover only dozens of square feet. The ichthyologic world of the twenty-first century is not the same as it was in the twentieth, and this brand-new edition of the definitive field guide to freshwater fishes reflects these many changes. Back Cover Peterson The best-selling field guides of all time There are nearly 1,000 species of freshwater fishes in North America north of Mexico, and identifying them can be a daunting task. In fact, in just the twenty years since publication of the first edition of the Peterson Field Guide to Freshwater Fishes, the number of species has risen by 141, including 114 newly recognized native species and 16 newly established nonnative species. This second edition incorporates all of the new species and the most common marine invaders, plus all-new maps and a collection of new and revised plates. Some of the species can be told apart only by minute differences in coloration or shape, and these beautifully illustrated plates reveal exactly how to distinguish each species. The guide includes detailed maps and information showing where to locate each species of fish-whether that species can be found in miles-long stretches of river or small pools that cover only dozens of square feet. The ichthyological world of the twenty-first century is not the same as it was in the twentieth, and this brand-new edition of the definitive field guide to freshwater fishes reflects these many changes. Sponsored by the National Wildlife Federation, the Roger Tory Peterson Institute, and the National Audubon Society DR. LAWRENCE M. PAGE is curator of fishes at the Florida Museum of Natural History, principal scientist emeritus of the Illinois Natural History Survey, and an affiliate professor at the University of Florida. DR. BROOKS M. BURR is a professor in the Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, and is an affiliate scientist at the Illinois Natural History Survey. Author Biography DR. LAWRENCE M. PAGE is curator of fishes at the Florida Museum of Natural History and an affiliate professor at the University of Florida. DR. BROOKS M. BURR is a professor in the Department of Zoology, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, and is an affiliate scientist at the Illinois Natural History Survey. Table of Contents CONTENTS How to Use This Guide ix Plates xxi 1. LAMPREYS: CLASS PETROMYZONTIDA 119 Lampreys 119 2. CARTILAGINOUS FISHES: CLASS CHONDRICHTHYES 133 Whiptail Stingrays 133 3. RAY-FINNED FISHES: CLASS ACTINOPTERYGII 134 Sturgeons 134 Paddlefishes 139 Gars 140 Bowfins 143 Mooneyes 144 Featherfin Knifefishes 145 Freshwater Eels 145 Anchovies 146 Herrings and Shads 147 Carps and Minnows 152 Suckers 299 Loaches 340 Characins 340 North American Catfishes 341 Labyrinth Catfishes 369 Plated Catfishes 369 Suckermouth Armored Catfishes 370 Pikes and Mudminnows 371 Smelts 377 Trouts, Salmons, and Whitefishes 380 Trout-Perches 415 Pirate Perch 416 Cavefishes 417 Cuskfishes 420 Cods 421 New World Silversides 421 New World Rivulines 424 Topminnows 424 Livebearers 440 Splitfins 452 Pupfishes 454 Needlefishes 461 Sticklebacks 462 Pipefishes 465 Swamp Eels 465 Freshwater Spiny Eels 466 Sculpins 466 Temperate Basses 483 Sunfishes 486 Darters and Perches 508 Drums and Croakers 602 Pygmy Sunfishes 603 Mullets 606 Cichlids 607 Surfperches 614 Snakeheads 615 Sleepers 616 Gobies 617 Sand Flounders 619 Righteye Flounders 620 American Soles 620 Acknowledgments 625 Glossary 627 References 635 Photo Credits 636 Index 637 Excerpt from Book PREFACE The first edition of this guide was completed in 1990 and published in 1991. Since then it has been a primary source of information on identification of North American freshwater fishes. This second edition increases the number of species in the guide from 768 to 909, incorporates new maps and several new and revised plates, and corrects errors. The increase in number of species is the result of adding 114 newly recognized species native to the U.S. and Canada, 19 marine invaders commonly found in freshwater, and 16 newly established non-native (exotic) species. Eight species recognized in the first edition were deleted as names were synonymized or as exotic species thought to be established disappeared. The ichthyofauna of the twenty-first century is not that of the twentieth century, and a revision of this guide was badly needed. We hope we have succeeded in making it current as well as more user-friendly. Suggestions for improvements and notifications of errors are welcome.--LMP and BMB INTRODUCTION How To Use This Guide Naturalists, anglers, and aquarists derive pleasure and knowledge from observing and catching fishes. Ichthyologists and other scientists study fishes to learn more about the evolution of life, the history of our continent, and how natural resources can be better managed. For these interests and related endeavors, accurate identification of fishes is essential. This guide includes all fishes in fresh waters of North America north of Mexico. Fishes are aquatic vertebrates with fins and gills throughout life. Currently recognized as valid are about 31,000 species, of which 831 species (3 percent of the total) are native to fresh waters of the United States and Canada. Another 58 species from elsewhere in the world have been established in our area, and 20 marine species are encountered often enough in fresh water to be included in this guide, bringing the total number of species to 909. Of the 537 families of fishes, 34 (6 percent) are represented by 1 or more species native to freshwater lakes and streams of the United States and Canada, and another 11 families have marine species that occasionally enter our rivers. Eight other families are represented by introduced (exotic) species. Although our fish fauna represents a fraction of the worlds total, it is Earths most diverse temperate freshwater fish fauna. All freshwater fishes known from North America north of Mexico are included in this guide. The Peterson Field Guide to Atlantic Coast Fishes and the Peterson Field Guide to Pacific Coast Fishes provide additional information on marine and brackishwater fishes likely to be encountered in fresh water. Names Most names of fishes used in this guide are those in Common and Scientific Names of Fishes from the United States, Canada, and Mexico, published in 2004 by a joint committee of the American Fisheries Society and the American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists. In a few instances in which the committee changed a common name, we chose to keep the name used in the first edition of this field guide. Scientific names of species consist of two Latinized and italicized words, e.g., Lepomis punctatus. The first is the genus, which begins with a capital letter. The second is the "specific epithet" and is not capitalized. A subspecies has a third descriptor, e.g., Lepomis punctatus miniatus. Genera are grouped into families (with names that end in idae), families into orders (ending in iformes), and orders into classes. Illustrations Color plates were painted from live fishes or, more often, from color photographs of live or freshly preserved fishes. Black-andwhite plates depict fishes that lack bright colors or show little variation in color among closely related species. Fishes are not drawn to scale, but much larger species usually are shown larger than smaller species. The 57 plates (42 in color, 15 in black and white) show 824 individuals representing 677 species. Additional species are illustrated in text figures. Measurements Although ichthyologists use the metric system, guide users remain familiar with inches, feet, and pounds. Measurements are given in both systems. A short rule comparing metric and U.S. units appears below and on the back cover. The maximum total length known (tip of snout, lip, or chin--whichever is farthest forward-- to end of longer caudal fin lobe) is given for each species. For small fishes, this number is given in quarter-inches and tenths of centimeters, for intermediate fishes in inches and centimeters, and for large fishes in feet and meters. If the maximum length recorded was given originally in centimeters, it was converted to inches; if in inches, it was converted to centimeters. Rounding from centimeters to quarter-inches can give various results; for example, 7.4 through 7.9 cm are all given as equivalent to 3 in. Accounts Family accounts provide information on distinguishing characters (often anatomical) and distribution. Numbers in parentheses following family names are numbers of native species in the United States and Canada; if introduced species are in our area, number of natives is followed by number of exotics. Generic accounts are given for large genera and for small genera in which all species share characters useful in identification. If a character is described in a family or generic account, it usually is not repeated in a species account. Species accounts begin with common and scientific names. In the upper right-hand corner of each account is the number of the plate or figure where the species is illustrated, or "Not shown" if not illustrated. A species is not illustrated if it is similar to another species. Most species accounts contain the following four sections. A similar Species section is omitted if a species is easily identified, and a Remarks section is added if the species has subspecies or other noteworthy characters. Identification: This section describes the most useful characters for identification. Usually these are color descriptions such as "black stripe along body," shape descriptions such as "dorsal fin origin behind pelvic fin origin," and unusual features such as "barbel at corner of mouth." The most prominent field characters are italicized and usually appear early in the account. Accurate field identifications sometimes require consideration of locality and habitat. Large specimens, especially colorful males, are easiest to identify. Positive identification of small or single individuals may require close examination; for that reason, we give some characters useful in identification of preserved fishes (numbers of scales, fin rays, and pharyngeal teeth, etc.). A color description is included unless a species is noted to be similar or nearly identical to another species. Unless stated otherwise, the description is of an adult fish, and the fish is white below (breast and belly) and has clear fins, conditions that pertain in most species. In many fishes, females retain colors similar to those of young, but males become notably brighter or darker with age. During the spawning season, males often become much brighter in color than at any other time. When known to differ, both "average" and "breeding male" descriptions are given. In some fishes (e.g., darters), large males retain bright colors through much of the year; in others (e.g., most minnows), bright colors are present only during the spawning season. Counts provided are those considered to be most important for identification and are total ranges unless they are preceded by "usually" or identified as modes (i.e., number[s] occurring most frequently). Counts of bilateral characters are given for one side only, e.g., six branchiostegal rays means six on each side. Pectoral and pelvic fins come one to a side and are referred to collectively (i.e., all four of them) as paired fins. We often discuss these fins and other paired structures (e.g., eyes) in the singular (e.g., pectoral fin, eye) to simplify comparisons between species. Dorsal, caudal, and anal fins are referred to collectively as median fins. Range: A description of each species geographic distribution is followed by a comment on abundance (e.g., "Rare"). All species vary in abundance with locality, and the statement on abundance is meant to apply over the species range or, if introduced, over its range in the U.S. and Canada. The statement is not a relative comparison among species. For example, the Fountain Darter, Etheostoma fonticola, is common in its area but is considered an endangered species because it occurs in only one small area. Abundant means a species is almost certain to be found in its preferred habitat within its range (see "How to Observe Fishes"); common indicates a species is likely to be found; fairly common, may be found; uncommon, unlikely to be found; rare, very unlikely to be found. Species and subspecies described as threatened or endangered are those appearing on official lists of Canada (Species at Ri Description for Bookstore 978-0-395-91091-7 Details ISBN0547242069 Author Brooks M. Burr Language English Edition 2nd ISBN-10 0547242069 ISBN-13 9780547242064 Media Book Format Paperback Short Title PETG FGT PETERSON FGT FRESHWAT Illustrator Eugene C. Beckham Year 2011 Publication Date 2011-04-21 Pages 688 Edition Description 2nd ed. Series Peterson Field Guides DEWEY 597.176097 Illustrations Plates, color; Plates, black and white; Figures; Maps; Illustrations, color Audience General Imprint US Mariner Books Publisher US HarperCollins Publisher Cengage Learning, Inc Imprint Houghton Mifflin Place of Publication Boston Country of Publication United States US Release Date 2011-04-21 We've got this At The Nile, if you're looking for it, we've got it. With fast shipping, low prices, friendly service and well over a million items - you're bound to find what you want, at a price you'll love! TheNile_Item_ID:43663959;

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